Industrial Revolution Concept of Modern City

Question: Examine about the Industrial Revolution for Concept of Modern City. Answer: Presentation: With the appearance of the Industrial Revolution, the idea of Modern City Ideal came stylish. The key empowering agent of Industrial Revolution was innovation as the different creations and mechanical developments basically prompted the unrest. The mechanical transformation driven by innovation caused a significant change in social and social lives too. Because of the enormous mechanical towns which filled in as present day urban communities, there was mass influx of movement to urban areas looking for better business which basically prompted the extension of modern urban areas as the different specialists began living on the edges. Steadily, as time advanced these mechanical towns confronted different issues, for example, high thickness, absence of transportation, outrageous neediness particularly among laborers, issues of ghettos as no appropriate lodging for laborers and poor which established huge segments in the general public. Furthermore, the issue of modern contamination addi tionally existed (Staudenmaier and John, 1985). These urban communities had a place with the nineteenth century and when the twentieth century came, different mechanical advancements adjusted the possibility of Modern City Ideal. The past thought of present day urban areas was deserted with the principle issue being that those urban areas were excessively static and not in a state of harmony with the dynamic world driven by mechanical headways. These were rather changed into new urban communities which not at all like the past urban areas was better prepared. These were the rural spreads which regularly got well known after 1920s. In contrast to, the past perfect urban communities, these were described by low populace densities. In addition, there were all the way open spaces and car reliance has created due to guiding of the car upset in the US. The created zones of these urban communities were isolated by indiscriminate advancements at the edges through wide regions. Likewise, the zones were isolated according to the specific ut ilization, Also, the effect of the mechanical developments was obvious on the family life too particularly after the Second World War as the time of increased birth rates pattern initiated. Additionally, because of successive interruptions especially because of war, these urban communities couldn't keep up the rising lodging prerequisite and needed to confront mass lodging deficiencies (Smith, Roe and Leo, 1994). Subsequently, the rural spreads cleared path to the Levittown which were arranged urban areas which had arranged road designs alongside pre-manufactured houses that were tough and furthermore moderate. These urban communities were profoundly unique and fit to meet the future needs of development as they were moved toward greenfield destinations thinking about anticipated inflow from different territories. Further, the methods for creation were likewise bit by bit adjusting with more prominent utilization of mechanization which further upgraded the profitability of different businesses. This was the time of purchaser enterprises which expected to furnish the individuals with access to different things of extravagance to make their life agreeable (Staudenmaier and John, 1985). Be that as it may, the following innovative change which went about as a powerful change operator is the correspondence and instructive mechanical upset especially the web which has totally modified the advanced lifestyle. Additionally, influencing the monetary space, it has impacted the social and social area and has driven the general public towards globalization and arrangement of a worldwide economy (Murphie and Potts, 2003). The pace of social and monetary life has expanded with the infiltration of correspondence transformation. Further, because of globalization, the financial development in specific countries has been helped. Above all, globalization has prompted more prominent social connections and in this way there is mixing of significant worth frameworks and the way of life, With the nearness of different MNCs in creating countries, the way of life is experiencing a basic move as the degrees of normalization is on the ascent economy (Murphie and Potts, 2003). Further, there is acknowledgment of a worldwide economy where there are sure issues, for example, environmental change which should be tended to on worldwide level. Henceforth, there is no denying that innovation has set a key job of a change specialist in carrying the general public to its present level and the advancement of the general public is firmly connected to innovation. Also, the effect of innovation as a change operator has not been constrained to a specific perspective however in the course of the most recent few centuries has pervaded into different parts of life. Observation has without question become a lifestyle in cutting edge society. For the sake of national security and promoting of national interests, the rate of reconnaissance with different condition of craftsmanship advancements is on the ascent. With this ascent in reconnaissance there are a plenty of concerns drove by the security avoidance. The state as is clear from yearning projects, for example, PRISM has overlooked the protection of residents regardless of the nearness of rigid law to guarantee the equivalent. In Canada, the wonder of observation isn't constrained to the legislature yet additionally conveyed by the businesses. While the ambit of Privacy Law is constrained distinctly to government however Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) is unavoidable in its degree and application. One of the arrangements of PIPEDA is that individual data of representatives can't be gathered without their assent and further whenever gathered the data should just be utilized for the reason it is expressed to be utilized (Cavoukian, 2013). In any case, the arrangements of this law are bowed and frequently mishandled because of which the individual data about the businesses is acquired. Plus, there are other observation methods which for all intents and purposes are very far reaching in their degree and will in general sweep and view all messages and other material that might be shared. Plainly, such sort of grave observation measure do an extraordinary mischief to the peo ple protection and in USA had brought about occupation misfortunes because of profane substance being shared over the email. The consequence of this is in the US protection protests to the business structure the single biggest gathering of grievances (Taylor, 2002). At the point when reconnaissance at the working environment is such a worry, the state is especially furnished with more assets in such manner and has a greater plan within reach which is national security. Nonetheless, the state has cleared gone too far with respect to reconnaissance and need to cling to the accompanying expressions of Benjamin Franklin in 1775 (Feldman, 1994). They who can surrender basic freedom to get a little impermanent security, merit neither freedom nor wellbeing. In the US Constitution , the Fourth Amendment plainly limits the forces of the state and gives a privilege to the person to make a move in the event of interruption. Be that as it may, with the headways of innovation the procedure of observation is getting increasingly mind boggling and secretive. These will in general become known just when there are a few breaks or, in all likelihood these projects are run in a secret way (Fewick, 2000). The utilization of these advances which are basically concealed not at all like a CCTV and utilizations complex devices, for example, satellite symbolism had prompted a trust deficiency between the individuals and the administration which later on is relied upon to extend as it were. This apparent from a TIME magazine survey about 61% of the American individuals are progressively worried about the confining of common freedoms causes by the administrations expanding safety efforts as opposed to the legislature not taking exacting measures to guarant ee security (Taylor, 2002). Going ahead, the discussion isn't whether and which reconnaissance innovations must be sent yet the inquiry is the manner by which and when these must be conveyed in any event, for tending to national security concerns. The state must comprehend that despite the fact that national security is critical however same ought to be given without infringement of common freedoms. This can be empowered by movement to a structure named as Privacy by Design where significant specialized and authoritative controls are constructed in order to ensure that the utilization of these meddlesome innovations is done in a proper way with responsibility. It is basic to keep up imperative straightforwardness concerning the information gathered and conditions under which it is gathered (Taylor, 2002). This is fundamental as of now the reconnaissance exercises are quick turning into a lose-lose situation where the discussion is decreased to picking one among protection and security. This methodology should b e adjusted in the wake of new mechanical improvements in the field of reconnaissance that are relied upon to upgrade the administrations capacities in such manner. It is basic that the different offices ought to guarantee national security while guaranteeing that the authentic interests of the individuals are dealt with (Cavoukian, 2013). It is basic that the administration should hope to address the security worries of people with genuine aim or, in all likelihood going ahead the general assessment against utilization of such strategies may arrive at a tipping point. It is therefore fundamental that the state conveys information assembling in a sensible, open and responsible way in order to accomplish the different genuine social targets with the goal that a fragile harmony among security and protection can be reestablished going ahead (Cavoukian, 2013). References Cavoukian, A. (2013), Surveillance, at that point and now: Securing Privacy in Public Spaces, Retrieved on August 15 from https://www.ipc.on.ca/pictures/Resources/pbd-surveillance.pdf Feldman, D. (1994), Secrecy, Dignity or Autonomy? Perspectives on Privacy as a Civil Liberty. Current Legal Problems, 47(2): 41-71. Fenwick, H. (2000), Civil Rights: New Labor, Freedom and the Human Rights Act. Harlow: Longman Murphie, A. what's more, Potts, J. (2003). Culture and Technology., London: Palgrave. Smith, M., Roe, M. what's more, Leo, R. (1994).Does Technology Drive History? The Dilemma of Technological Determinism., Cambridge: MIT Press Staudenmaier, S.J. what's more, John, M. (1985). The Debate over Technological Determinism: Technolog

Mcdonald’s in China

McDonald’s: Is China Lovin' it? Official Summary This contextual investigations McDonald’s’ plan of action as it creates to make progress in the Chinese market. Issues tended to included how to hold McDonald’s’ picture of social Americana, yet adjust to fulfill beds and claim to supporters in Chinese culture. 1. What is the motivation behind directing an outer natural examination? What are the general ecological powers that could impact or have affected McDonald’s advancement in China?The motivation behind leading an outer natural investigation is to acquire data on the powers outside of an organization that will assist with deciding how the organization will work. An effective organization can't work just in its inner condition and should know about the outside variables that will additionally shape the business. Organization methodologies must consider these components so as to coordinate their inner qualities and shortcomings with their ou ter dangers and openings. With McDonald’s extension in China, outside ecological components played a key role.One major natural power originated from American organization KFC. KFC entered China in 1987 and it was significant for McDonald’s to examine the elements that had been fruitful and ineffective at KFC. Another natural power that assumed an enormous job in McDonald’s development in China was neighborhood Chinese brisk assistance eateries where clients could purchase nearby cooking styles, for example, noodles and dumplings. Other appropriate natural factors that McDonald’s had to address in China were the impacts of the developing working class and a progressively prosperous population.This lead to different kinds of nearby and outside eateries endeavors to profit by this developing riches, creating further rivalry. The outer condition has likewise indicated power by shoppers requesting better expectations in the McDonald’s cafés just as pr otection from the restaurants’ significant expenses. Buyers’ wants likewise influenced the outer condition, which caused McDonald’s to increment working hours to 24 hours, execute home conveyance administration and drive-through eateries in numerous location.Suppliers were vital components of the outside condition also and McDonald’s developed to source 95% of their food from nearby producers and providers. 2. In view of the outside ecological investigation, what are the chances and dangers introduced to McDonald’s tasks in China? The outer ecological examination uncovers a few open doors in China on which McDonald’s can underwrite. Yearly per-capita discretionary cashflow has expanded a normal of 22. 18% for urban families and 64. 62% for country family units every year throughout the last 20 years.The general pattern during this time has been development from provincial to urban populace habitats where expendable earnings are higher[i]. Th e expansion in dispensable livelihoods has added to the cheap food industry blast. These patterns guarantee to proceed as the Chines economy advances. Level valuing can be utilized to help McDonald’s arrive at clients of various pay levels in areas at various degrees of improvement. Moreover, as the Chinese economy keeps on creating, upgrades to nearby foundation may make open doors for an improved flexibly chain.As of 2006, 95% of materials utilized by McDonald’s in China were privately sourced. McDonald’s will probably profit as nearby providers utilize further developed innovation and the board forms. There are additionally undiscovered open doors for diversifying. China made the lawful structure for remote franchisors in 2004 and, as of February 2007, just one of the 879 McDonald’s cafés in China was diversified while KFC, their biggest rival, diversified 37 of their 1700 eateries. Expanding the quantity of franchisees will permit McDonald’s t o extend to new areas while limiting risk.In expansion to growing their diversifying activities, McDonald’s has chances to exploit changing Chinese inclinations by growing store developments and neighborhood organizations. Drive-through eateries, 24-hour cafés, conveyance, and significantly increasingly upscale easygoing feasting cafés may enable the chain to improve their allure with youngsters as would promote associations like that made with Taobao. com in 2007. A few dangers were additionally uncovered by the outer examination remembering serious rivalry for the Chinese cheap food advertise from both remote and nearby chains.McDonald’s was a moderately late contestant to the market permitting contender KFC to appreciate first mover focal points. Since obstructions to section are moderately low a few other remote chains have extended to China including Burger King, Subway, Pizza Hut, and Japan’s Mo’s Burgers and Ajisen Ramen. Neighborhood chains incl uding Malan Noodles, Hong Kong’s Cafe de Coral, and Taiwan’s Dicos add to a seriously serious market. The danger of new contestants remains and, as Chinese enterprises become further developed and acquainted with Western administration and activities rehearses, is significant.McDonald’s tasks in China may likewise be undermined by new patterns in the easygoing eating industry and rising desires for clients who might be less ready to follow through on extravagance costs for what they are realizing numerous Americans think about a downscale item. At last, expanding social analysis over wellbeing, natural, and pay concerns will likewise represent a danger to McDonald’s later on. 3. Talk about the five powers of the business condition of McDonald’s China and remark on the intensity of the organization according to every one of these forces.Michael Diamond’s Five Forces Model of Competition incorporates the accompanying powers: Existing serious c ontention between providers: There are many cheap food choices in China. McDonald’s is the second biggest inexpensive food supplier and their essential opponent is Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). Different rivals in China in the inexpensive food industry incorporate noodle and dumpling slows down. Neighborhood Chinese cafés sell light and straightforward food, for example, noodles, dumplings, wantons, and steamed bread, which are on the whole turning out to be a piece of the inexpensive food culture in China. Contention is a solid serious force.Threat of new market contestants: After various endeavors during the 1990s by different nearby and territorial Chinese cheap food chains, some fruitful and some not all that effective, numerous organizations couldn't contend in this condition. In the mid-2000s, new market participants into the Chinese inexpensive food industry were U. S. - based Burger King, and Subway and Japan’s Mo’s Burger. Themed cafés and Starbucks l ikewise entered the blend of new participants. In spite of the fact that these new participants offer an alternate encounter, the developing working class of China despite everything needs McDonald’s to be a Western brand. The danger of new participants is a moderate serious force.Bargaining intensity of purchasers: Buyers don't have any exchanging costs. The purchasers basically go to an alternate drive-thru eatery, a customary Chinese supper served on mutual plates, or cook at home. Purchasers can buy from a few venders. Purchasers are a solid serious power since they have a ton of influence. McDonald’s has perceived this and has offered layered evaluating, changed their menu, prepared their staff to guarantee quality and consistency, and refreshed their stylistic layout. Intensity of providers: McDonald’s set up its own inward gracefully system to offer to both the local and fare markets.Chinese accomplices made joint endeavors with McDonald’s and rein forced McDonald’s flexibly chain. The flexibly chain made by McDonald’s has made 95% of the materials required. It would be exorbitant for McDonald’s to switch providers due to the joint endeavor that they went into with their Chinese accomplices. This makes the providers a solid serious power. Danger of Substitute Products: Many substitute items exist in the inexpensive food field. On the off chance that you take a gander at McDonald’s as a cheeseburger drive-through eatery, substitute items would be noodles, dumplings, sandwiches, chicken, and pizza.Traditional Chinese cafés and home prepared dinners are likewise substitutes to the McDonald’s burger. There is an immense range of substitute items accessible for the Chinese buyer. This makes substitute items a moderate serious power. 4. What are the vital gatherings in the inexpensive food industry in China? In which vital gathering does McDonald’s China contend most in China. A vital gathe ring as characterized by Michael Porter is â€Å"a gathering of firms in an industry following the equivalent or comparative methodology along vital dimensions†.In different words, a Strategic Group (SG) is a gathering of organizations that work likewise concerning specialization and vertical mix. The vital gatherings in the inexpensive food industry in China all share the accompanying qualities for all intents and purpose: cheap food, proficient self-administration, normalized servings and frameworks, less dependence on utensils, clean/agreeable air, and neighborhood menu increases. McDonald’s clearly exceeds expectations at all of these attributes worldwide and made it a stride further by advancing the Western conventions by advertising the â€Å"Window toward the West†.This specific kind of western-impacted inexpensive food is the essential key gathering that McDonald’s contends in even today. Western-impacted cheap food was not new when McDonaldâ€⠄¢s showed up on the scene as KFC showed up in 1987, an entire five years in front of McDonald’s. KFC did so well that their prosperity baited McDonald’s and Pizza Hut to stick to this same pattern starting in 1990. Nonetheless, â€Å"fast-food† in China wasn’t new when KFC entered China as they had noodle and dumpling slows down. KFC, McDonald’s and Pizza Hut all needed to gain by the quick

MIT Moms

MIT Moms Today I wanted to thank a very special person in my life, someone who is still the smartest person I know, and who I wouldn’t be here without: My Mom mom and I in Shanghai! Yesterday was Mother’s Day, so I thought this would be an especially good time to recognize my mom for her importance in my life and at MIT. We all talk about a lot of stuff happening around campus, but for many students, family is still a huge part of their lives, even if they live an ocean away. I call my mother at least once a week, and probably more frequently depending on how stressed out I am. and she has become intimately familiar with the different stresses, nuances, and vibrant culture of MIT life through my phone calls. My mom has always been my strongest advocate, and pushed me to be a better version of myself. She helped me tremendously academically, and tutored my brother and I from preschool all the way through AP Physics C in high school (which I found to be one of few high school classes that was actually similar to MIT’s 8.01/8.02). My mom also made sure I knew all the basic life skills like doing laundry, cooking, and taking public transportation at a pretty early age (the first time I took a public bus alone I was 12, and the first time I made breakfast for the family I was probably 7 or 8). I actually took this for granted until I arrived at college, and found out a surprising number of freshmen did not know how to do these thingso_o” Mom helping out with a cultural show and tell in preschool. Thats a smol me to the left of her :)     And of course, my mom has always made sure I had a strong connection with her cultural background. She gave me my Chinese name, Zhou Jie (??), and the “Jie” character (?) means both “good news”/“victory” and “quick”/“rapid” (I was born prematurely which was the inspiration for this name). She took us to China when I was just 4 years old and my brother 1 year, which was importantvisiting the country early on meant that later in life, we never really had “culture shock” or other such feelings. She helped me learn to read and write Mandarin when I started taking it in high school, and always supported me in my endeavors to be better at the language, including a particularly difficult time last semester when I took CHNSE.166R at Harvard, a 5th-year Chinese literature course (I had only taken 4 years at MIT lol) where we read the classical text Dream of the Red Chamber. This class was forreal as hard as some of my most intense technical courses, and my mom kindly l istened to me complain about it, or provided a few insightful tips. So, thanks mom! Love you 3 3 In addition to honoring my own mother, I thought it might be fun to see what other MIT students have to say about *their* moms, or mom-like figures, too! Blogmom echoe I had to give a shout out to the blogmom, who is the mom of all the bloggers, Elizabeth C. 13 aka echoe. Thanks for haranguing us into successfully and consistently producing quality content when we need it, and celebrating us when we’ve done it well! For those of you that don’t know, behind the scenes, there’s quite a bit of effort that goes into making sure we all have what we need and we’re happily blogging away~ Alexa J. ‘18 My mom is literally my best friend :) Sandeep S. ‘19 Im thankful that no matter how hard MIT gets, I can always go home on breaks to an amazing meal cooked by my mom 3 Timi O. ‘21 I am thankful for my mom every single day. I would not be here if it were not for her. She was the first person to believe in my dream of MIT, while others doubted me. Vivian S. ‘20 I remember the first time I entered a science fair. I was in the fourth grade, and my friend and I had spent hours making a model of the earth. We used paper-mache, paint, stuck little facts on the globe. I told my mom how proud I was of our work in the car ride to school. She told me that we would definitely not win. I was outraged! Parents were supposed to be supportive. How did she know that we werent going to win? In the end, though, she was right. And throughout my life, she seems to always be right. As I grew older, I realized how grateful I should be to have my mom. I understand now that she raised me almost by herself. She drove me to school. She cooked me dinner. She read my essays. She baked tasty cakes and Chinese desserts. She listened to my violin playing. She has been a wonderfully supportive mother, and I still rely on her today. Her clear intuition keeps me grounded when life at MIT becomes a mess. So thank you, mom, for being a mom who is uncannily right (almost) all the time. Happy Mothers Day. Diane M. ‘21 Mom, you are the strongest most amazing woman I know. You inspire me to be more and do more. I wear all the sacrifices youve made for me like an armor, for they strengthen and protect me. I love you to the moon, the sun and back. Pelkins A. ‘18 Mum, thank you for being my mother and father for a very long time. I appreciate your love and wise counsel. Youre the best. Happy mothers day! TojumiOluwa A. ‘20 My mom is a HUGE part of why Im currently surviving MIT; without her, I wouldnt be surviving at all. Shes the one who listens and dispenses advice patiently when I call her in a panic late at nightor in the afternoonor in the morningbasically whenever! She keeps me wanting to pick myself up and try again after Ive failed at yet another thing, congratulates me when I succeed, and helps me realize the areas where Ive failed and need to do better. She is my spiritual advisor and inspiration, and her long talks with me about God are a big part of why my faith is still thriving. She challenges me to be a better version of myself, and I honestly dont know what Id do without her. I love my mom to the moon and back!!! Kat Y. ‘19 My mom sliced fruit for me when I spent nights studying and procrastinating in my room during high school, and always asks me what I want to eat whenever I visit home. Robert V. ‘20 If it werent for you, I couldnt possibly be who I am today. Thank you for everything mom 3 Fejiro O. ‘18 My first superhero! Sara S. ‘20 Hi Mom! I miss your homemade injera, painful massages, and hearing you laugh! Happy Mothers Day!!! Robert T. ‘18 Momma, youve been such an inspiration to me. Thank you for everything! Leilani T. ‘21 Seriously I am very grateful to have my mom in my life. When I came to MIT I was really concerned that we wouldnt have the same closeness because of the distance but I feel like we have maintained our relationship through our fairly frequent phone calls. I usually talk to her when Im taking the long walk back to my dorm or across the bridge to Boston. She helps put things into perspective and she has inspired me so much with her own life. My mom moved to the US from Mexico in middle school when she spoke only Spanish and she worked her way up through college as a first generation student in higher education. I am really proud of her and I feel fortunate to have her as my confidant, friend, and mom. Alexandra S. ‘18 I dont tell her enough, but my mom is the most important person in my life. Shes incredibly kind, considerate, and caring, and shes always there for me, in good times and in bad. Shes hardworking, compassionate, and she loves unconditionally. Shes one of my best friends, shes my biggest supporter, and I am so thankful and proud to call her my mom, I love her more than words can describe. Kudzaishe Z. ‘19 Thank you Mhamha for being a strong single mom, making sacrifices for our education and teaching us to be brave, courageous and patient. Happy Mothers day Ma!!! Virginia A. ‘18 I want to thank Henry, the woman who birthed me and shows me how to be a positive influence on the world every single day. (Editor’s note: Virginia calls her mom Henry for some reason that I have never been able to understand, but u know, go with it) Bettina A. ‘18 My mom really taught me how to speak out when things weren’t right. She is one of the most wonderfully courageous people I’ve ever met. She also taught me what it means to love those around you. She is constantly helping those around her solve problems and mend relationships. She’s truly my backbone and rock in my life and I know I’m nothing more than blessed and fortunate beyond all belief to call her my mom :3 Annie A. 18 Mom is everything, roots to branches. Happy belated Mothers Day! Feel free to celebrate your own mom in the comments!

The Theme of Survival in Life of Pi - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 804 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Life of Pi Essay Did you like this example? Life of Pi is a novel by Yann Martel that illustrates man’s will to survive and an unlikely alliance that rises as a result. This is a story that plunges deep into every aspect of human nature, giving the reader an experience that is hard to forget. I recommend this book for those who need a new adventure in their life, as the mesmerizing words, phrases, and heart-stopping moments woven within the pages of this story are a blessing to the mind and soul. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Theme of Survival in Life of Pi" essay for you Create order The story opens on the colorful life of Piscine Patel, an Indian boy whose family owns a popular zoo. Although his family business already gives him a remarkable title to bear, Piscine is quite the character all on his own. For instance, at only age fourteen, he practices Hinduism, Christianity, and Islam, melding the three religions together by finding what connects them all to each other. He is as equally faithful to one practice as he is to another. Although this is frowned upon, Piscine is content with his faith and his life, with one exception: his name. It is often misheard, said incorrectly, or made fun of. When Piscine begins attending a new school, he introduces himself as â€Å"Pi†, and that is how he is known or the rest of the story. Over time, Pi’s parents grow unhappy with the Indian government. They wish to find freedom and a new life, and so they make plans for their many species of animals and set out on a ship to Canada, taking the creatures with them. But on the third night, Pi is awoken by a sound that is alien to him. Searching for an answer, he makes his way up to the main deck, where a state of pandemonium occurs. The ship’s crew are all hustling and bustling about. When Pi finally has a chance to recollect himself, he asks a few crew members what is going on, only to have a life jacket thrust into his hands and be thrown overboard, landing on one of very few lifeboats. There are no other human survivors. Pi’s family is lost. Pi is now trapped on a lifeboat in the middle of the Pacific, along with one hyena, one zebra, one orangutan, and one bengal tiger, who is called Richard Parker. Before Richard Parker, who has been hiding under the lifeboat’s tarpaulin, even shows himself, the hyena soon has both the zebra and the orangutan dead within several days. Pi leads himself to believe that it is only himself and the hyena left aboard, until Richard Parker brings the creature’s life to a sudden and violent end. Terrified, Pi constructs a raft out of supplies found on the lifeboat, and attaches it to the end of the boat, putting as much distance between himself and Richard Parker as possible. For a while, Pi accepts the inevitable probability of his imminent death. And then he discovers something within himself; a fighting warrior who drives him to face his fear, and place his life back into his own hands. From then on, he decides to become dominant over Richard Parker, realizing he has nothing to lose. He works every day to show that he is superior, while also using some of his resources to keep Richard Parker alive. Soon, his fear is vanquished, and he and Richard Parker seem to be living in a civil manner, a relationship that, although rocky, depends on mutual trust. They grow not only to tolerate each other, but to need each other as well. Remarkably, Richard Parker becomes the only thing keeping Pi’s sanity in check. Things are going well, until they find land. Their relationship, or alliance, or whatever it might be called, was unfortunately at an end. Pi was quickly rescued from the island, whereas Richard Parker, his only companion for months, stayed behind to begin a new life in the vast jungles of the island they had discovered. Confused, half out of his mind, and heartbroken, Pi watches with weary eyes as his last friend, the last connection to his past life, grows farther and farther away. For the rest of his life, he is forever grateful for this unexpected friend, who turned out to be the only thing keeping him alive through the tragic accident. Even as an old man with a family, he knows with every fiber of his being that Richard Parker is the reason he is still standing there today. Life of Pi may be fiction, but its effects on the human spirit are very real and very beneficial. If you love to read, and even if you don’t, this story is one that will keep you intrigued and intellectually stimulated. Yann Martel has created a masterpiece that will remain timeless forever.

Diabetes Awareness Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 701 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: Diabetes Essay Did you like this example? Â  Its certainly possible for diabetic kids to be great athletes, but they walk a tightrope (Bekx) Some of the best athletes not only have a battle on the field while playing their sport, but they also fight the battle to closely monitor their bodies because of their diabetes. Ron Santo and Jay Cutler are both professional athletes who have excelled in their respective sports while managing diabetes. To be successful, these athletes follow strict exercise regimens and diets to properly manage their disease while training for their careers. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Diabetes Awareness Essay" essay for you Create order It is certainly a challenge for these athletes, but their success serves as an inspiration to many young aspiring athletes who also live with diabetes. Jay Cutler, a former football quarterback, is one well known athlete who continued to be successful despite being diagnosed with diabetes at the age of twenty-five. Cutler decided to see a doctor because he was experiencing significant unexplained weight loss and feelings of fatigue (Bergstein). When test results returned, Cutler was diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes. The extraordinary quarterback was determined not to let his diabetes diagnosis end his career. The first step to managing his disease was to monitor his blood sugar levels. Secondly, he changed his diet by replacing carbohydrates with foods such as healthy proteins, fats and vegetables (Bergstein). He also began an exercise program that included aerobic exercises for at least 30 minutes a day for five days week to improve they way his body used insulin. Cutler continued to find success in his football career and was even named player of the month and top passer in the American Football Conference during his 2008 season (Bergstein). You can live with diabetes and still live the way you want says Cutler who is an inspiring example for young diabetic athletes to pursue their sports dreams. Ron Santo is another legendary athlete diagnosed with diabetes during his sporting career. Ron Santo played major league baseball for the Chicago Cubs and the Chicago White Sox during the 1960s. Santo was diagnosed in 1959 at the age of eighteen when his mother sent him for a doctors checkup before he left home for baseball training camp. Upon diagnosis, his main concerns was that this disease might hinder his God-given gifts (Santo) for playing baseball. Santo hoped that he would be able to manage his diabetes with simple diet and exercise. He monitored his blood sugar and kept foods high in sugar in the dugout during games to eat in case his blood sugar dropped significantly. He successfully did just that for the first year after his diagnosis. He played in the minor leagues and had an exceptional first season with 11 home runs and a batting average of a .327 (Santo). In 1960, his pancreas function decreased which required him to being taking insulin injections. Initially, he kept his struggle with diabetes a secret from his teammates and coaches. He did not want to be treated differently than the other players, but at the same time he realized that no one would know how to help him if he had life threatening complications due to his diabetes. He decided to tell the teammate whom he roomed for out of town games. Eventually he shared his story with his entire team and the public about his disease. He inspired many as he empowered people of all ages to pursue the lifestyle they wanted for themselves. Santo remind[ed] people that theres no reason the disease should prevent them from utilizing their own God-given gifts (Santo). He became a board member of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation as a way of giving back to the community that had supported him so extensively. Young athletes who walk a diabetic tightrope can find their path easier when they follow the advice and example of diabetic athletes who have already paved the way to success. The first step to success is continual monitoring of blood sugar levels. The second step is a diet filled with healthy proteins, fats, and vegetables coupled with an aerobic exercise program. And finally and maybe most importantly, young athletes need the support and encouragement of their families, friends, and communities to reach their highest level of success in any sport they wish to pursue.

The On The Path Reversal Test - 1546 Words

Introduction There are many commonly known gender stereotypes; one of them is that men have better spatial abilities than women. The results of the experiment done by Liu, Levy, Barton, and Iaria (2011) showed this stereotype is not completely prejudicial because adult men outperformed adult women on several spatial tests, including cognitive map use, formation; and path reversal. The gender difference on the path reversal test is the highest among all tests( see appendix 1). Path reversal test evaluates how well do the participants recognize a reverse route back to the origin without the help of landmarks. In order to successfully complete this test, the participants need to be able to accurately estimate the distances between turns, how many turns are there and the angle of each turn. This test also requires the abilities to integrate optic flow and vestibular information with mental rotation and mental imagery. One of the reasons men perform better at this could be due to that they are better at judging distances because they tend to favor allocentric strategy during navigation and determine their directions by referring to the absolute position between landmarks (Li, 2014). In comparison, women often use egocentric strategy and determine their direction by relating to local landmarks, so they perform better than men on tests that required them to recall landmarks or street names. The ability to perform mental rotation also distinct greatly between genders, with menShow MoreRelatedFailed Vasectomy Reversal Ivf Success Story1001 Words   |  5 Pageswords) Failed Vasectomy Reversal IVF Success Story Meta Description After a failed vasectomy reversal, this couple discovered the key to growing their family: IVF at our Las Vegas fertility center. 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Modelling Corporate Communications System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Modelling Corporate Communications System. Answer: Introduction Communication is not just a process. It is an art of first reading or listening the information, understanding it, processing it and then transferring it (Gibson and Hodgetts, 2010). There is a big amount of efforts which goes into communication. Spoken language, body language, voice modulation and gesticulations are few of the significant communication features. If the other person is unable to understand any of these communication factors, then the process of communication fails. Communication means transferring information from a sender to a receiver, with the information that a receiver can understand. The process of communication starts with the sender to encode an idea which is sent in visual, writer, oral or some other form to the receiver. Decoding of message is done by the receiver and receiver tries to understand the message sent by the sender. Hence, in turn consequence in some change or action. However the process of communication could be interrupted by noise that is som ething which hinders communication (Zaumane, 2016). Communication comprises the sharing of information and idea. Whereas several individuals believe that communication is mainly in the oral or written form, communication is actually much more. A knowing look or a gentle touch could also communicate a message clear and loud, as can an angry slap or hard push. So, communication is an interaction amongst two individuals in which something is exchanged (Pincus, 1986). Information: Management is able to keep the employees well informed about the organizations programmes and plans. Effective communication is needed to communicate information to the staff. By sharing information, management is able to build loyalty amongst the workers. Social Interaction: Communication a chief source of social interactions. It assists individuals to express their emotions and feelings. Communication of emptions and moods assists to understand the members of the organization and hence the objectives of the organization and group could be effectively attained (D'Aprix, 2006). Improved performance: Effective communication eases clear information to the personnel. Hence, the personnel are able to better understand their job and feel more involved in them. This inspires better job satisfaction and performance (Ivancevich, Lorenzi and Crosby, 2014). Clarification: With the help of effective communication, management is able to clarify certain issues or matters with the employees. Sometimes, employees might ask queries on policies and plans of the organization. By communicating effectively, management can answer such queries. The management is also able to clarify the doubts/queries of the outsiders like suppliers, customers, etc. (Byrne and LeMay, 2006). Training and development: Communication is important for development and training of the employees. Trainers must be effective communicators. Excellent communication from the trainers side assists the trainees to understand easily the concept and other issues. Greater efficiency: There is a requirement of effective communication to attain greater efficiency in the company. At all levels managers need to communicate well, so that personnel attain greater returns at lesser cost (Berko, Wolvin and Curtis, 2014). Influence of Effective Decoding and Coding The model of communication process proposes that effectiveness of communication relies on the ability of the receiver and sender to accurately and efficiently decode and encode information. There are 4 factors identified by experts to impact the effectiveness of the decoding-encoding process. The first aspect is that receivers and senders capability and motivation to communicate the channel of communication (Rehmeyer, 2007). Few individuals better communicate via face-to-face conversation and prefer using this channel of communication. Others feel awkward communicating face to face; however feel comfortable via text messages and other instant messaging applications. Usually, the process of encoding-decoding is more effective when both the parties are expert at using the opted channel of communication and like using that communication medium (Cass, 2011). The second aspect is the degree to which both the parties have alike code books (dictionary of idioms, gestures, language, symbol and other tools used to communicate message) with the code books similar to this, the communication participants are capable of encoding and decoding more correctly since they both have the similar or alike meaning. The efficiency of communication is able improved since there is a fewer requirement for redundancy (like saying the same things in different methods) and lesser requirement for confirming feedback (so, are you saying this?) (Al-Ghamdi, Roy and Ahmed, 2007). The third factor which impacts the effectiveness of the process of encoding-deciding is the degree to which mental models are shared by both the parties regarding the context of the message. Metal models are the internal depictions amongst those features. When coder and decoder have shared common models, they have a mutual environmental understanding concerning to the information, so lesser communication is essential to clarify meaning about the situation. Notice that sharing of same mental models varies from sharing the same code book of the topic context. Mental models are knowledge structures of topics setting whereas codebooks consist of symbols used to communicate content of the message (Quirke, 2008). The fourth factor inducing the effectiveness of the process of encoding-decoding is the experience of sender to communicate the message. As individuals turns to be more acquainted with the subject matter, they build more colourful or efficient language to define the subject. In simple sentence, they turn out to be more capable at using the symbols codebook to communicate the message (Chia, 2011). This is comparable to the effect of sport practice or job training. The more experiences and practices attained at communicating a subject, the more individuals learn how to transmit efficiently others with that information. The two major kinds of communication channels are non-verbal and verbal. Several forms of Web-based communication are commonly used in organization, email or electronic mail is one amongst the most popular. Even though email is one of the proficient and a beneficial cabinet, however it is comparatively poor at communication emotions; it inclined to diminish the respect and politeness; it is an ineffective mode for communicating in novel, complex and ambiguous circumstances; and it contributes to overload of information. Websites like virtual reality platforms, Facebook, wikis and other social media forms are becoming popular in the organization. Social media comprises of web-based tools (applications, websites, etc.) which permit the users to produce and exchange information. They serve various functions, comprising of presentation of the identity of a person, empowering conversations, information sharing, sensing others presence in the virtual space, relationship maintenance, reveal ing status or reputation. Non-verbal communication comprises of physical distance, voice intonation, facial gestures and silence as well. Unlike verbal communication, non-verbal communication is less bound to rules and is usually non-conscious and automatic. Few non-verbal communications are automatic by a process known as emotional contagion (Chen, Silverthorne and Hung, 2006). The 2 important factors to be considered while choosing an appropriate channel for communication in a specific situation are: Social Acceptance and Media Richness. Social Acceptance: It denotes to how well the medium of communication is supported and proved by an individual, team and the company (Daft and Lengel, 2014). The first aspect in social acceptance is the teams and organizations norms concerning the usage of definite channels of communication. Norms partially describe why discussions over telephone are more common amongst the employees in few organizations, while instant messaging or email is the medium of choice in other companies. Few companies believe meeting the personnel face-to-face, while similar conversations and emails are erratic events somewhere else. Norms also form the use of media of communication for individuals in particular role. For example, employees in the frontline are less expected to personally visit the CEO of the organization, whereas, most of them are expected to write an email. The second factor for social acceptance is the preference of an individual for particular channel of communication. Sometimes it is e xplored that a co-worker prefers to send an e-mail instead of voice-mail, or desire to meet is personnel instead of other thinking its necessity. Such preferences are because of personality traits, an also due to previous experience and reinforcement with specific channels. The thirds factor of social acceptance is to deliberate symbolic meaning of channel. Some channels of communication are reviewed as impersonal while rest are quite personal; few are reflected professionals and rest are casual; few are not cool and other are (Bovee and Thill, 2012). Media Richness: Accompanied with social acceptance, individuals select media to communication grounded on their media richness. It is defined as the capacity of the medium to carry the data, the variety and volume of information which could be transmitted during a particular time (Daft and Lengel, 2014). The below diagram demonstrated various channels of communication organized in a richness hierarchy, with lean data and face to face interaction- merely reports at the end. A channel of communication has high richness when it is capable of conveying multiple cues (like non-verbal and verbal information), permits timely feedback to sender from receiver, permits the sender to customize message to the receiver and utilizes complex symbols (like phrases and words with multiple meaning). In media richness hierarchy, communication is at the top of the media, since it permits communicating both non-verbally and verbally at the same time, to obtain feedback almost instantly from the receiver, to spontaneously modify the style and message, and to use complex language like idioms and metaphors (Wzi?tek, 2016). Barriers to Effective Communication Despite of the best intentions of the receiver and sender to communicate, numerous barriers known as noise hinder the effective information exchange (Burnett and Dollar, 2009). The first obstacle in the communication is the imperfect perceptual process of both receiver and sender. Receivers doesnt listen properly and sender assumes that information has been properly understood. Expectations and needs impacts the signals noticed and ignored. The people are not even better as sender. According to the studies people face difficulty stepping out of their own perceptions and stepping into others perspective, so people end up overestimating that how well others understand the message communicated by us (Larkin and Larkin, 2014). The second barrier is that occasionally messages get filtered on their way down or up the organizational hierarchy. Filtering might cause delaying or deleting the negative information or using works which are less harsh, so the message sounds to be more favourable. Sometimes crucial information is also filtered which may change the complete meaning of the message to be delivered causing miscommunication (Welch and Jackson, 2007). The third barrier is the language difference, even when two individuals speak the same language, the meaning for both of them are different for a specific phrase and word. For instance, a French employee may call an event a catastrophe as a casual exaggeration, whereas somebody in Germany typically interprets this word literally as an earth-shaking event. It doesnt matter how well a person knows a language, phrases and words have enough ambiguity to generate confusion (Goldhaber, Porter, Yates and Lesniak, 2013). As the cultural diversity and globalization are increasing, there are high chances that issues of cross cultural communication may arise and its the fourth barrier to effective communication. Cultures could be differentiated on the grounds of whether they are low-context and use direct style of speech or are high context and use indirect style of speech. In cultures having high context, in order to understand the message a close observation in the context in which it takes place is required, whereas in the low context cultures, speech is more direct and can be considered at the face value (Downs and Hazen, 2012). In cross culture communication, language is also a most obvious challenge. In verbal communication sometimes words might be easily misunderstood in verbal communication by the receiver. Non-verbal communication also signifies other potential areas of misunderstanding across cultures because many non-conscious gestures have the similar denotation round the globe, however deli berate gestures have diverse meanings (Wieseke, Ahearne and Dick, 2009). The sixth barrier to the communication is the Gender stereotypes; it establishes strong expectations regarding how women and men communicate. Men are expected to converse in an assertive way, whereas women are expected to be more relationship-oriented in the style of their communication. Violation of these stereotypes creates problems for women, and can prompt reaction; they are less powerful when they are communicating in an assertive way and their performance is negatively assessed (Hargie and Tourish, 2009). Communicating the Message Effectively Getting the message across to the receiver, the communication happens effectively when a receiver is capable of receiving and understanding the message. In order to complete this challenging task, the sender should learn to emphasize with the receiver, repeat the message, chose the suitable time for the discussion and instead of being evaluative it should be descriptive (Littlejohn and Foss, 2008). Active listening is the process of sensing actively the signals of the sender, assessing them correctly and responding suitably (Poster, 2014). There are 3 elements of active listening i.e. sensing, evaluating and responding. Sensing is the process of receiving signals from the sender and paying attention to sender. Evaluating component comprises of understanding the significance of the message and remembering it. The third component of active listening is responding, it is a feedback given by the receiver to sender, which directs and inspires the speaker for communicating (Tourish and Hargie, 2009). In earlier times, personnel used to receive the official news by hard copy magazines and newsletters. Though this means of communication is still been used by few companies to communicate, however most of the companies have swapped it with web-based information sources. The organization magazines are now published on web pages or circulated in PDF format. The benefit of this e-zines is that organization news are now been distributed and prepared speedily (Clampitt, 2009). Direct communication with the top management Senior executives can better understand if they are able to meet directly with employees and other stakeholders. The strategies such as town hall meetings are followed by the top management to interact with their colleagues. Some companies conduct personnel roundtable forums to listen to the options from a small set of staff regarding various problems. Following such direct strategies of communication possibly minimise the filtering, as management listens directly to employees. In the similar way it assists the management in understanding the organizational problems thoroughly and quickly. Also, employees would have more responsiveness for the decisions taken by the management because the situation was discussed with them before taking the decision (Malmelin, 2007). It does not matter how much the leaders of the organization tries to have communication via wikis, e-zines and other methods, personnel will still depend on the oldest channel of communication, i.e. corporate grapevine. The grapevine is an informal and unstructured informal network established on social relationships instead of job descriptions or organisational charts (Bennett, Owers and Tucker, 2010). Some eras ago, according to the research conducted, stated that the grapevine transmits information very quickly throughout the organizations, in all the directions. The classic pattern is a cluster chain, whereby a few individual vigorously transmit rumours to several others (TowersWatson, 2010). The grapevine works with the help of informal social networks, so it is more active where personnel have alike backgrounds and are capable of communicating easily. Several rumours appear to have at least a seed of truth, probably since they are communicated through media-rich communication channels (example face to face) and personnel gets motivation to effectively communicate. However, the grapevine misrepresents information by erasing fine details and amplifying main points of the story (Akkirman and Harris, 2005). Few of these features may be still stand correct, however other characteristics of the grapevine almost definitely have transformed as blogs, social networking sites and emails have swapped the traditional water cooler discussion as gossip sources. For instance, numerous Facebook sites are themed about particular organizations, permitting customers and workforces to vent their grievances regarding specific companies. Along with modifying the network and speed of corporate grapevines, information technologies have stretched these networks not just around the next cubicle but around the globe (Wright and Noe, 2011). Conclusion For a business organization communication is its life blood. No organization will be able to progress or attain success, develop reputation, and win customers and friends without effective skills of communication. Organizations will continue to operate well by leaving the employees to do their jobs and let internal communication take care of itself. Communication can improve the organizational effectiveness. The more information individuals have, more promptly they get it, and the better connections they have with other people in the company, and this will lead to better work of the organization, which in turn helps the people to feel better about their jobs and about the company. The ultimate beneficiaries of all this are the organization, community and the target population, which finds itself with community respect, satisfied participants and efficient and committed staff members. In an organization the communication becomes effective and successful when the communication process is implemented. Employees will be able to develop their skills of communication when theyll be following the communication process and are staying away from various barriers. The researches have demonstrated that people those are able to understand the process of communication will flourish into more impactful communicators and people those have effective communication skills have higher opportunity to attain success. References Burnett, M.J., and Dollar, A. (2009). Business Communication: Strategies for Success. Houston, Texas: Dane. Ivancevich, J.M., Lorenzi, P., Skinner, S.J., and Crosby, P.B. (2014). Management: Quality and Competitiveness. Burr Ridge, IL: Irwin. Gibson, J.W., and Hodgetts, R.M. (2010). Business Communication: Skills and Strategies. NY, NY: Harper and Row. Bovee, C.L., and Thill, J.V. (2012). Business Communication Today. NY, NY: McGraw-Hill. Berko, R.M., Wolvin, A.D., and Curtis, R. (2014). This Business of Communicating. Dubuque, IO: WCB. Wright, P.M., and Noe, R.A., (2011). Management of Organizations. Chicago, IL: Irwin. Zaumane, I. (2016). The internal communication crisis and its impact on an organizations performance. Journal of Business Management. No.12. Chia, J. (2011). Communicating, connecting and developing social capital for sustainable organizations and their communities. Australasian Journal of Regional Studies. Vol.17, No.3. Wzi?tek-Sta?ko, A. (2016) Efficient communication between a manager and an employee as a way to sustainable development of the contemporary organization-based on empirical research. Management theory and studies for rural business and infrastructure development. Nr. 2 (26). Research papers. Quirke, B. (2008). "Making the Connections; using Internal Communications to turn strategy into action", Burlington, VT: Gower Publishing Company Larkin, TJ and Larkin S. (2014). "Communicating Change: winning employee support for new business goals", New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Inc "How Much Does The Internet Weigh?", by Stephen Cass, Discover, 2011 "The Internet spreads its tentacles" , Julie Rehmeyer, Science News, Vol. 171, No. 25, pp. 387388, 23 June 2007 Meeting and Convention Planners. (2009, December 17). U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved April 21, 2010 Akkirman, A., and Harris, D. (2005). Organizational communication satisfaction in the virtual workplace. Journal of Management Development, 24(5), 397-409. Al-Ghamdi, S., Roy, M., and Ahmed, Z. (2007). How employees learn about corporate strategy: An empirical analysis of a Saudi manufacturing company. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 14(4), 273-285. Bennett, J., Owers, M., Pitt, M., and Tucker, M. (2010). Workplace impact of social networking. Property Management, 28(3), 138-148. Byrne, Z., and LeMay, E. (2006). Different media for organizational communication: Perceptions of quality and satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology, 21(2), 149-173. Chen, J., Silverthorne, C., and Hung, J. (2006). Organization communication, job stress, organizational commitment, and job performance of accounting professionals in Taiwan and America. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 27(4), 242-249. Clampitt, P. G. (2009). The questionnaire approach. In O. Hargie and D. Tourish (Eds.), Auditing Organizational Communication. London: Routledge. D'Aprix, R. (2006). Throwing rocks at the corporate rhinocerous, the challenges of employee engagement. In T. L. E. Gillis (Ed.), The IABC Handbook of Organizational Communication. San Francisco: John Wiley and Sons. Daft, R., and Lengel, R. (2014). Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design. Management Science, 554-571. Downs, C., and Hazen, M. (2012). A factor analytic study of communication satisfaction. Journal of Business Communication, 14(3), 63. Goldhaber, G., Porter, D., Yates, M., and Lesniak, R. (2013). Organizational communication: 1978. Human Communication Research, 5(1), 76-96. Hargie, O., and Tourish, D. (Eds.). (2009). Auditing Organizational Communication. London: Routledge. Littlejohn, S. W., and Foss, K. A. (2008). Theories of Human Communication (Ninth ed.). Belmont: Thomson Higher Education. Malmelin, N. (2007). Communication capital: Modelling corporate communications as an organizational asset. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 12(3), 298-310. Poster, M. (2014). The Second Media Age: Polity Press Cambridge, UK. Pincus, J. (1986). Communication satisfaction, job satisfaction, and job performance. Human Communication Research, 12(3), 395-419 Tourish, D., and Hargie, O. (2009). Communication and organizational success In O. Hargie and D. Tourish (Eds.), Auditing Organisational Success. London: Routledge. TowersWatson. (2010). Capitalizing on Effective Communication, . 2009/2010 Communication ROI Study Report. Wieseke, J., Ahearne, M., Lam, S., and Dick, R. (2009). The role of leaders in internal marketing. Journal of Marketing, 73(2), 123-145. Welch, M., and Jackson, P. R. (2007). Rethinking internal communication: a stakeholder approach. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 12(2), 177-198.

Rulers And Reaction Times Essays - Cognition, Mental Chronometry

Rulers And Reaction Times Rulers and Reaction Times Abstract The reaction time of ten subjects was measured. The subjects were asked to catch a ruler ten times under five different conditions. The first condition measured the subject's simple reaction time. Each further condition added an additional stimulus and the reaction times were measured. There was a clear increase in reaction time with the addition of further stimulus, however the expected result of a steady increase in response time with the addition of each condition did not occur. The third condition displayed the highest response time where as the final condition displayed the second lowest (after condition 1). Assuming that no design problems in the experiment affected the results, it cannot be concluded that cognitive processes occur in separate order and do not overlap. Given the average reaction time of condition five was lower than condition three, some cognitive adaption may have occurred to lower the response time of the subjects or another reason may exist. One aspect not c overed by the experiment, but important to the results was the error factor. Pre-guessing the experimenter caused a high rate of error, however it lowered the overall results. Why measure response times? As the world moves forward with technology, increasing pressure is placed upon humans to be quicker, be smarter and to operate more efficiently. As the population increases systems are being put in place to reduce incidences and accidents occurring. An example of this is a study conducted by Cameron, 1995 examining the influence of specific light colors, motor vehicle braking and the reaction time of the drivers to these specific clouds and conditions to avoid rear end collisions. Donders subtractive method holds that reaction times can be obtained by subtracting the simple reaction time; or subtracting type A from type B etc. (Cameron, 1995). Given this, it stands that the more stimulus provided (or thought processes required), the longer the response time of the subjects. This theory is tested in the measurement of ten responses to five test conditions. The trial provides preliminary information to participants and it is expected that reaction times will be shorter than if no infor mation was supplied. (Rosenbaum, 1980.) Method Participants Ten participants were selected, four female and six male. Ages ranged from twenty-two to fifty three. All were fully able bodied and from English speaking backgrounds. Materials A plastic yard rule was used. The yard rule was six centimeters in width. Procedure Condition One The experimenter sat one subject on a chair and instructed them to place their arm out in front of them at a comfortable height. The yard rule was then placed between the subject's fingers at a height of 10 centimeters. The subject was then told the condition 1 (Appendix A) and given three trials. The subject then completed the ten tries at the condition and the results were recorded. All ten subjects were tested in the same manner. No abnormal results were obtained. Condition Two The experimenter sat one subject on a chair and instructed them to place their arm out in front of them at a comfortable height. The yard rule was then placed between the subject's fingers at a height of 10 centimeters. The subject was then told the condition 2 (Appendix A) and given three trials. The subject then completed the ten tries at the condition and the results were recorded. All ten subjects were tested in the same manner. An error rate and abnormal results occurred. Condition Three The experimenter sat one subject on a chair and instructed them to place their arm out in front of them at a comfortable height. The yard rule was then placed between the subject's fingers at a height of 10 centimeters. The subject was then told the condition 2 (Appendix A) and given three trials. The subject then completed the ten tries at the condition and the results were recorded. All ten subjects were tested in the same manner. An error rate and abnormal results occurred. Condition Four The experimenter sat one subject on a chair and instructed them to place both their arms out in front of them at a comfortable height. The yard rule was then placed between the subject's hands at a height of 10 centimeters. The subject was then told the condition 4 (Appendix

Free Online TOEFL Study Guides

Free Online TOEFL Study Guides Taking the TOEFL is a necessary step for any student not educated in the United States who wishes to study at a North American university. It is also increasingly required from other educational institutions throughout the world as well as a desired or mandatory job qualification. While it is true that the TOEFL is an extremely difficult test there are a number of resources to help students prepare for the test. Luckily the Internet has an ever-expanding treasure trove of study materials. Most of these areas require registration and payment however a number of the sites do offer some free services. If you are interested in taking the TOEFL it will probably be necessary to purchase some of these services. This guide shows you a number of the free services available on the Internet. By using this feature you can get an excellent head-start on your studies without paying a dime. What Is the TOEFL? Before beginning to study for the TOEFL it is a good idea to understand the philosophy and purpose behind this standardized test. Here is an excellent detailed description of the Internet-based test. What Can I Expect From TOEFL? There are a number of resources available to help you discover exactly what grammar listening and reading skills will be expected on the TOEFL. One of the most thorough of these resources is Testwise.Com  which explains each type of question in terms of the grammar or skill required to answer that type of question successfully. Now that you have a good idea of what the test is, what is to be expected, AND what strategies are needed you can begin to practice taking various sections of the test. To help you do just that (for FREE) follow the following links to these  practice tests  and exercises: TOEFL Grammar / StructurePractice TOEFL tests grammar through whats known as the structure sentence. This section includes multiple choice questions which test your understanding of how to put together a sentence.   TOEFL Grammar Practice 1 TOEFL Grammar Practice 2 Exam English Structure Tests Structure Practice Tests  from TestMagic Five Sets of Practice Questions for Section II  at Free ESL.com by Chris Yukna  Practice Section II TOEFL Vocabulary Practice The vocabulary section focuses on understanding synonyms and antonyms, as well as the ability to use a word in the right context.   TOEFL Vocabulary Practice 400 Must Have Words for TOEFL   TOEFL Reading Practice The reading section asks you to read fairly long sections of text that might be found in a textbook or scholarly article. Comprehension of the relationships between ideas and sequencing events is key in this section.   Reading practice tests  from TestMagic by  Chris Yukna  Practice Section II: Boston   Practice: Fuels TOEFL  based on an article in Wired Magazine by Chris Yukna. TOEFL Listening Practice TOEFL listening selections are often based on lectures in a university setting. As in reading, its important to practice listening long selections (3 - 5) minutes of university lectures or similar listening setting.   Exam English Listening Practice Tests How Do I Approach the TOEFL? One of the most important skills to acquire before taking the test is not a language skill. It is TOEFL test taking strategy. To get up to speed on test taking, this  guide to taking tests  can help you understand  general test taking preparation. The TOEFL, like all standardized American tests, has a very particular structure and typical traps for you to fall into. By understanding these traps and structures you can go a long way to improving your score. The writing section of the TOEFL requires that you write an essay based on a set topic. Testmagic.com has a wonderful  selection of sample essays  discussing common mistakes and giving examples of essays with various scores to show you the range expected on the essay. Practicing the TOEFL Obviously, you will need to do a lot more studying (and probably invest a good bit of money) to do well on the TOEFL. But hopefully, this guide to free TOEFL resources will help you begin to understand what to expect when taking the TOEFL.

Cover Letter Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Cover Letter - Assignment Example I also have extensive set of skills in Photoshop. I have a long standing interest in drawing and I believe that I possess the skills required for this post. I also recently read in your school website that you are now expanding your elementary school. This is a field that I am familiar with. I have read the details outlining the qualifications sought for this role and I believe I match your requirements as can be seen from the examples outlined: I have qualifications in; printmaking major, painting, drawing, photograph, ceramics, sculpture, art history and Chinese ink painting. In addition to the qualities above, I am also a hardworking, self-motivated and determined individual with a high desire to succeed. I would welcome the opportunity to discuss further, my application with you and to this end, I have attached my curriculum vitae to further acquaint you with the specifics of my background. I hope you will consider me for this position. I look forward to a positive communication from

Dilemma in Field Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dilemma in Field Work - Essay Example If Cash accepts, Jordan should try and collect the required data from the area Cash was assigned and try to compare them with the Cash’s computed data. If the date comparison seems to be correct, Cash should steal be reported to the head of the department to be fired from the project. Citing article 2b of the Principles of Professional Responsibility; that is, given that the project was to have direct public application policy formulation, Cash had neglected his duty to the project as well as to the public. Article 2b states that â€Å"an anthropologist should not knowingly falsify or color his findings"(Cassell & Jacobs, pp. 34). If Cash is not fired because of the similarity on the data collected by him and those collected by Jordan, Jordan should develop arrange for database verification in Cash’s region. Two students should be hired who will interview all information reported by Cash. These interviews results will be stored in a separate file until the completion of the projects field portion. At the analysis time, the data collected by Cash will be compared to that collected by the students in the same region. If there would be a difference in the two data, this will be an indication of falsified data by Cash. The student’s data will be used to replace Cash’s one and he would be requested to return all the payment made to him which he won’t reject as there is enough evidence to support that. Once the situation had developed, Smith had little recourses. The direct argument with the adviser was not the best option. Chances were high that he may just laugh at Smith knowing that there was no proof to support that. The adviser is one of the staffs in the university, getting of support for Smith from the department could be tough. This is because this will portray the department as having being involved in plagiarism.  

An Exegesis Of Colossians 3 12 17 Religion Essay

An Exegesis Of Colossians 3 12 17 Religion Essay Introduction In society there are innumerous encounters and engagements between Christians and non-Christian daily, some of these encounters are religious in nature the others are secular. The challenge to the Christian is to continuously exercise the commandment or requirements that God revealed via the Prophet Micah to do what is right, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God (Micah 6:8, NLT).  [1]  The elements for living a holy life are not difficult and they are not exhaustive; however, because of so many different interpretations available to the Christian readers, congregants and students, there is a high probability that confusion will reign in the minds of many. There are myriad teachings available to the Christian that are full of error, personal interpretations, non-Christian agendas and false teachings to name a few, that will lead to inappropriate application of biblical principles that will not properly represent Christ in the Christian ambassadorship to each other and t o the world. Following this further, living a holy life is a requirement for all Christians and the instruction for how to live holy is imperative knowledge for the Christian. Colossians 3:12-17 is an excellent source of instructions for Christian living. The passage asserts that God chose Christians to be a holy people. It stands to reason that He authored provisions to help Christians reach that goal. The passage presents several principles for instructing the Christian how to exhibit him or herself as a representative of Christ. The exegesis of this passage will disclose if the principles are applicable to the contemporary audience as it were to the original audience or if there is time driven deviation that renders it less impactful for modern application. Setting/Historical Background In order to comprehend the context of Colossians 3:12-17 it is important to have background information for the period in which it was written. Pauls penned intervention had to reflect his understanding of the Colossians worldview. It was a worldview that was eclectic and problematic. Its multiculturalism created a challenge for a church leader who was not versed and or educated in true Christian doctrines and its applicability. Paul is the author of the letter to the Colossians, he has the authority to write an account of holy living because of his conversion and life experiences. His history prior to his conversion on the road to Damascus and his experiences that trained him as an apostle to the Gentiles equipped him with the wisdom and knowledge for teaching and instructing. His pre-apostolic days begin with him being born into and raised in a prominent Jewish-Roman family. He is from the tribe of Benjamin which is where he obtained his name Saul, but his Roman name is Paul. He was circumcised on the eight day in accordance with the law; he was afforded the opportunity to be educated in the Greco-Roman rhetoric as well as Hebrew.  [2]   Paul was a student of Gamaliel (Acts 5:34) who was the grandson of Hillel and one of seven scholars to obtain the title Rabban which means our master.  [3]   The church in Colossae was composed of Jews and Gentiles which created a culture of syncretism, mixing Jewish legalism, with Greek speculation and the mysticism of the Orient.  [4]   The city of Colossae was a major city located on the Lycus River with accessibility to trade routes. It was downgraded to a secondary city by the first century A.D. Colossae was a neighboring city to Laodicea and Hierapolis; each city was approximately 10 miles from Colossae.  [5]  The church at Colossae received the gospel from Epaphras, a convert from the church in Ephesus; he urged Paul, who was in prison in Ephesus, to write a letter to Colossae to address heretical issues that were plaguing the church in Colossae regarding its battle with heresy; which was creating disruption in churches all over the western portion of Asia Minor.  [6]   Although, Paul never visited the city of Colossae, he was aware of the heretical spirit that swept the region. Like its neighbors, Colossae was infiltrated by a mixture of pagan doctrines influenced by pre-Gnosticism that regarded the body as evil to promote spiritual/non-material items as superior human form, known as mystical wisdom. The pagan influence led to questions about Jesus having a physical body as an ordinary man, error in esteeming angels, and proclaimed that salvation was the result of knowledge rather than faith.  [7]   There is contention that Paul wrote the letter to the Colossians from Rome and that it was delivered to the church by Tychicus during the early 60s. This is supported by those who refer to 4:7-8 as the reason for choosing Rome over Ephesus and Tychicus over Epaphras.  [8]   Analysis of Colossians 3:12-17 The Colossians comfort with pluralism subjected them to vulnerability in achieving solidarity in understanding and incorporating the doctrines of their new Christian faith. Their failure to comprehend the true essence of Christ and his personage as well as exclusiveness of Christianity revealed their need for intervention from one of authority in the doctrines such as an apostle in the faith. Therefore, Pauls letter to the Church of Colossae was necessary to substantiate the tenets of the faith and to emphasize as well as educate the new Christians regarding the expectations of their lives as Christian. Paul is the apostle to the Gentiles and it is incumbent upon him to respond to the needs of the Colossians as they struggle to manifest their faith and its tenets according to their understanding. Pauls letter is an instructional guide as well as being comprised of words of encouragement. Chapter 3 and verses 12 through 17 describes to the new Christians how they are new creatures in Christ. He reaffirms that Christ is deity in bodily form and the supreme head of the church (1:15-23). He also warns against false teaching and calls for the rejection of it. He further instructs them on how to live holy (Chapter 3). More specifically, Colossians 3:12-17 concentrates on two main ideas; one idea focuses on how to live holy as an individual and as a member of the body of Christ; and the other focuses on holy living as an individual and as a collective member of the body of Christ. The tools used to explore passage 3:12-17 are the King James Version (KJV), the New International Version (NIV), the New International Readers Version (NIRV), The Message (MSG) and the New Living Translation (NLT) Bibles, along with The New Analytical Greek Lexicon (The Lexicon), The Greek English Interlinear New Testament (The Interlinear) and Strongs Strongest Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (Strongs) with various commentaries. Colossians 3:12-14 Put on therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, bowels of mercies, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness, longsuffering; forbearing one another, and forgiving one another, if any man have a quarrel against any: even as Christ forgave you, so also do ye. And above all these things put on charity, which is the bond of perfection. In verse 12 holy living entails more than a confession or conversion experience, it regards a change in lifestyle. The Interlinear uses put on (endysasthe) in the active continuous form emphasizing that Christians must continuously display Gods characteristics which manifests his holiness. They are manifested as mercy, kindness, humbleness, meekness, and longsuffering. The Message says, Dress in the wardrobe God picked out for you. Its rendition offers that these characteristics are not natural human characteristics; therefore, it requires action on the part of the individual and is attainable with the guidance of God. In the KJV, the word bowels (splagchna) are used; The Lexicon defines it as the heart or affections of the heart, meaning these qualities must come from within. By separating the characteristics by commas the KJV, NIV and the NLT indicate that each of the characteristics is part of a whole. However, the NIVR presents them in multiple sentences to demonstrate them as de finitive commands. The NLT renders that the Christian should demonstrate holy living by being clothed in tenderhearted mercy which is a translation for compassion (oiktirmou), kindness(chrestoteta), humility(tapeinophrosyne), gentleness for meekness(prauteta), and patience as longsuffering(makrothymian); these are acts that God has demonstrated towards us. Bruce Buoton describes the characteristics of tenderhearted mercy, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience as imitations of Gods acts towards man.  [9]   In verse 13 holy living is explored further, here all Christians are required to forgive one another because Christ has forgiven (charixomenoi) them. Failure to forgive others whom God has forgiven results in suffering. Robert E. Wall expressed that the holy response (to any offense) prompted by grace is to forgive. . .We forgive because we are already forgiven, we secure Gods forgiveness by forgiving others.  [10]  Forgiving allows the Christian to tolerate the offenses of others and to act in their behalf for their benefit. Forgiveness is essential in Christian growth, fellowship and manifestation. It is one of the characteristics of God that allows Christians to imitate him without necessarily displaying overt actions. The act of forgiving is a sign that the Christian is maturing as a Christian. In verse 14 love is exhorted above all the other characteristics and is determined to be the virtue that bonds all the characteristics together. It is impossible to live a holy life without love, The MSG expresses, And regardless of what else you put on, wear love. It is your all purpose garment. Never be without it. All of the aforementioned translations agree on loves ability to make the other virtues possible, for instance the NLT interprets the verse as, Above all, clothe yourselves with love, which binds us all together in perfect unity. The Greek word for bond (sydesmos) in The Lexicon is described as bundle or connection. It is used in the same way in Ephesians 4:3 make every effort to keep the unity of the Spirit through the bond of peace (NIV). Love is the adhesiveness that unites all the virtues; it is joined in significance by the virtue of peace. Colossians 3:15-17 And let the peace of God rule in your hearts, to the which also ye are called in one body: and be ye thankful. Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord. And whatsoever ye do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God and the Father by him. When the Christian has adopted the characteristics in verses 12-14 and internalized them, a notable change should be evident by familiar observers. Holiness should be readily manifested and perceivable. One of the key words in verse 15 is the word rule. The Interlinear, shows rule is derived from let arbitrate (brabeutw) in all of the translations besides The MSG. The MSG converts the Greek into in tune. . .in step with each other. Pauls familiarity with the word, in accordance with The Lexicon, would have been umpire, or someone who governs a conflict. The Colossians would have understood keeping the peace as tantamount to resolving conflicts.  [11]   The MSG emphasis is the body of Christ unified (swma(i))as it addresses the meaning of the verse. It emphasizes every collective decision and action that comes from the community will have the character of peace if all members stay in tune and/or in step with each other.  [12]   Furthermore, verse 15 exhorts Christians to be thankful (euchiaristoi) or mindful of the benefits  [13]  if being part of the body of Christ. Strongs Concordance clarifies thankful as in mind and attitude which enhances the spiritual well-being concerted with the physical well-being of the individual and the body of Christ.  [14]   Verse 16 moves the reader or Christian to the command to teach and admonish one another in wisdom (sophia) which has both divine and secular connotations, according to Strong; however, Pauls inclination was a reference to Christian enlightenment as found in 1 Corinthians 12:8.  [15]  There is variance between The MSG which denotes this virtue or command to mean use common sense, whereas, the NLT state Teach and counsel one another with all the wisdom he gives. Verse 16 iterates to Christians to exercise the virtues of holy living and to continuously communicate that to one another. The emphasis is that when God enlightens a person that person is qualified to exercise authority to teach and admonish others. Each member of the body of Christ is called to model the holiness demonstrated by Christ. In order to imitate his model the individual must have the Spirit of God residing inside of him, moreover, the Spirit of God can only dwell in the individual if the that individual lives a life of holiness. The Interlinear text uses let dwell (enoiketw) in the imperfect tense in verse sixteen. It is used to demonstrate that Christs spirit within the heart first occurred when the individual accepted Christ as Lord; it is an action that is present and ongoing. The other aspect of verse 16 includes the singing of psalms, hymns and spiritual songs. The MSG says sing your hearts out to God whereas the NIV, NIRV and NLT render the concept as to sing with thankfulness. The KJV links both sections of verse 16 as a single action, meaning that the singing and teaching are synonymous to praise and admonishing. Also, the singing of the songs, spirituals and hymns with joy and thanksgiving display to others that the Spirit of Christ dwells within. When Christs spirit dwell within the Christian then Christ rules the heart and life and the person is authorized to teach and admonish because it is accommodating the Spirit of Christ. Verse 17 mandates that whatever and whichever virtue the Christian manifests, do it in the name of the Lord Jesus with thanks to God and the Father through him. The primary responsibility of living a holy life is for the glory of God. In concert, the verses 12-17 equip the Christian with guidance and instructions to live a holy life within the ability of the Christians and in response to Pauls exhortation in Romans 12:1-2. Applications The worldview has crept into the church and some of the moral authority of the church has come into question because of the level of tolerance experienced by the church today. Tolerance is not a negative thing, but there are mandates such as notable in the Ten Commandments that restricts some tolerations. The behaviors exhibited by a large number of highly visible Christians (not just renowned ministers) in their lives denote that holy living has been compromised. There are denominations that allow clear abominations to exercise the office of pastors and ministers, such as ordaining homosexual ministers and subjecting Christians in need of guidance, teaching and admonishing to their authority. Equally compromising is the congregations that outwardly support and accept this deviancy. The modern society in First World countries is replete with narcissism, public acceptance of vulgarity (as demonstrated in music and audio-visual media)and Christian lifestyle has become compartmentalized. Applying the principles or virtues found in the passage of Colossians 3:12-17 in todays society should be exceptionally easy because of the communications capabilities that are available such as the internet, satellites, cell phones and public forums. These same forums are used to counter the work of the church emphatically. The Church has to do as Paul and the other apostles and early Christians did in building up the faith and the church. It must espouse it doctrines at every opportunity and do not settle for a small corner to shout from. It must begin within the body of Christ first. The church must hold Christians accountable for their behaviors that are compromised and encourage them in the behaviors that exemplify the virtues found in the passage. Heads of households must take the responsibility of their family religious education in the home environment and not allow worship and services to be a Sunday event only. Holiness must become a lifestyle; it must be exhorted within the body of Christ community first and then missioned to the rest of the world. Music must be acceptable, television and other media must adhere to family values by presenting wholesome entertainment. Finally, each Christian has to develop the attitude to teach one, reach one so that no Christian is left behind. The children must be taught Christian values at home without compromise. Most importantly, Christian hearts must be governed by Christ and honor given to God. There needs to be a campaign to teach and encourage each Christian to exert the virtues of mercy, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness, longsuffering/patience, forgiveness and love. Each church should have an education plan to initiate and sustain such a campaign. Conclusion The Bible is composed of mandates, laws and principles for Christian living that is sometimes explicitly clear such as You must not murder. (Exodus 20:13), and some not so evident such as And let the peace that comes from Christ rule in your hearts. (Colossians 3:15). There are several translations of the Bible that create debate within the Christian community and sometimes result in controversial applications in some aspects, such as Exodus 20:13 rendered in the New Living Translation as You shall not murder. whereas in the King James Version it is rendered Thou shall not kill. The impact of the two different wordings has affected the secular arena as well as the religious one. Abortions, military wartime service and the death penalty are three of the subjects associated with controversy regarding both editions of the verse. Avoiding confusion and controversy is not always possible, there are passages in the Bible that are not just principles but also instruct the Christian how to live. A law or situation is not necessarily transferrable from the context known to the original audience to the conditions and situations in modern times; some applications are situational and time sensitive. The instructions are clear and applicable to life situations for the environment of the original audience or for the contemporary audience. Sometimes they are applicable to both audiences but there must be some parallel but not necessarily the same conditions present. The examination of the words of Paul in Colossians 3:12-17 reveals there are instructions that are clear and applicable for holy living and they migrate across the time spectrum from the original audience through the contemporary audience. Living a holy life is mandatory for Christians and necessary to please God. It is the Christian responsibility to present God to the world, the passage aforementioned provides instructions and guidance for execution. How the Christian lives should reflect what he or she believes in accordance with the conditions set forth by the applicable Scriptures. The Christian walk should parallel the Christian talk. As a member of the body of Christ the modern Christian incurs the responsibility to teach and admonish fellow Christians as needed. He and she have the advantage of hindsight as well as the principles denoted in the passage 3:12-17 to aid and assist their growth and development as productive Christians with the same urgency and proficiency of the early Christians. Appendix Block Diagram Colossians 3:12-17 (NIV) 12Therefore, as Gods chosen people, holy and dearly loved, clothe yourselves with compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience. 13Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have against one another. Forgive as the Lord forgave you. 14And over all these virtues put on love, which binds them all together in perfect unity. Therefore As Gods chosen people Holy and dearly loved Clothe yourselves With compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience. Bear with each other And Forgive whatever grievances You may have against one another. Forgive as the Lord forgave you. And Put on love over all these virtues Which binds them all together in perfect unity. 15Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, since as members of one body you were called to peace. And be thankful. 16Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all wisdom, and as you sing psalms, hymns and spiritual songs with gratitude in your hearts to God. 17And whatever you do, whether in word or deed, do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him. Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts Members of one body (Since As) You were called to peace. And Be thankful. Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly As you sing psalms, hymns and spiritual songs With gratitude in your hearts to God. And Whatever you do (Whether) in word or deed Do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus Giving thanks to God The Father through Him. Sunday School Lesson for Adults Colossians 3:12-17 Focus verse: Colossians 3:13 Introduction Forgiveness -As for volunteers to read each verse. -Give an illustration of a marital event that requires forgiveness although it is very difficult to do. Why do we forgive? Definition of forgiveness Explanation Discuss focus verse and Gods command to forgive Inquiry- Have class name times/situations that they have done something wrong and how they felt. Bearing with one another/ Ways to forgive. Explanation We are to forgive others because God forgives us refer back to verse. Explain how the husband is a reflection of God and wife is a reflection of the sinner. Demonstration- Two class members will act out scenarios followed by brief discussion of the incidents: -inappropriate conversations with the opposite sex -meeting someone other than the spouse for friendly night out Application- Have class name situations in which they/others should be forgiven and how to do so. Reiterate the passage that emphasizes that God forgave us first. Illustration- Finish story with husband forgiving wife due to her sincere apology. Re-emphasize how God forgives us and we should forgive others. Conclusion We are to seek forgiveness and forgive others because God forgives us. -Review of passage focus verse. Allow for questions/comments. -Prayer asking God to forgive us for our sins and help to forgive others. -Song.